Bolt Pattern Calculator
Measure between studs and get the bolt circle. Converts between millimetres and inches and names the pattern if it is a common one.
Measure your hub
- Patterns 2mm apart are not interchangeable. 5x112 and 5x114.3 will bolt on and then crack the studs.
- The wheel's centre bore must be equal to or larger than the hub spigot. Smaller will not seat.
- A hub-centric ring takes up a bore that is too large. Nothing fixes a bore that is too small except machining.
How to measure it
The bolt pattern is the diameter of the imaginary circle running through the centre of every stud. With an even number of lugs you can measure it directly, centre to centre across two opposite studs.
With five lugs there is no opposite stud. Measure between the centres of two neighbouring studs instead and the calculator converts that chord into the full circle. The old trick of measuring from the back of one stud to the centre of the second one along works, but it is far less accurate than measuring neighbours properly.
Close is not close enough
5x112 and 5x114.3 differ by 2.3mm. Wheels from one will start onto the other, the nuts will feel like they are tightening, and the studs will be loaded off centre. They fail, usually at speed. There is no acceptable adapter that makes a nearly-right pattern right.
Centre bore matters as much as the pattern
The pattern only positions the wheel roughly. On most modern vehicles the hub spigot carries the wheel's weight and centres it precisely, and the studs just clamp. If the wheel's bore is larger than the hub, fit hub-centric rings. If it is smaller, the wheel does not go on.
Frequently asked questions
How do I measure a 5 lug bolt pattern?
Measure centre to centre between two neighbouring studs, then divide by 0.5878. That factor is the sine of 36 degrees, which is what converts the chord between adjacent studs on a five bolt circle into the full diameter. This calculator does it for you.
Is 5x114.3 the same as 5x4.5?
Yes, they are the same pattern written in different units. 4.5 inches is 114.3mm. You will see the imperial form on American vehicles and the metric form on imports and aftermarket wheels.
Can I use an adapter to change bolt pattern?
Adapters exist and work when they are properly engineered, hub-centric, and thick enough for full thread engagement on both sides. They also push the wheel outboard, which changes offset and adds load on the wheel bearing. Thin adapters and unknown-brand ones are not worth the risk.
What happens if the centre bore is too big?
The wheel is centred by the lug nuts alone rather than the hub, which is called lug-centric mounting. Some wheels are designed for it, most are not, and the usual symptom is a vibration that no amount of balancing fixes. Hub-centric rings are cheap and solve it.
Everything on this page is an estimate worked out from the numbers you entered and typical figures for the conditions you picked. Your vehicle, your parts and your conditions will differ. Check anything you intend to act on against the manufacturer's specification, the service manual, or a qualified technician. Verifying the result before relying on it is up to you.