HomeHVAC > Hoses and PipesGates 18424 HVAC Heater Hose
Part #: 18424

Gates 18424 HVAC Heater Hose

Molded Heater Hose, Heater To Pipe, Heater To Intake Manifold, Heater To Engine, Pipe-5 To Auxiliary Heater, Auxiliary Heater To Pipe-6, Auxiliary Heater Pipe-2 To Auxiliary Heater, Auxiliary Heater To Auxiliary Heater Pipe-3, Heater To Thermostat, and Auxiliary Heater Pipe-2 To Auxiliary Heater Pipe-3
⚙️ 125 vehicles fit this part
🔍
Select your vehicle to confirm fitment
Verify this part fits before purchasing — free returns if it doesn't
$25.19Free Shipping
🚚Free ShippingNo Cost to Continental U.S.
🔄Free Returns*Wrong fit? No cost
🛡️60-Day ReturnsMoney back guarantee
*Free return shipping only qualifies if our fitment verification tool is used.
🔥
✅ In Stock · Ready To Ship Most orders ship same-day if ordered before 1pm CST.
OE Direct Replacement — Bolt-on fit, no modifications needed
📦Molded Heater Hose, Heater To Pipe, Heater To Intake Manifold, Heater To Engine, Pipe-5 To Auxiliary Heater, Auxiliary Heater To Pipe-6, Auxiliary Heater Pipe-2 To Auxiliary Heater, Auxiliary Heater To Auxiliary Heater Pipe-3, Heater To Thermostat, and Auxiliary Heater Pipe-2 To Auxiliary Heater Pipe-3
🚗Fitment: Chevrolet, Geo, GMC, Honda, Lexus, Pontiac, Suzuki, and Toyota, Accord, Cressida, Esteem, Firefly, Land Cruiser, LX450, LX470, Metro, Sidekick, Sienna, Sprint, Sunrunner, Swift, Tracker, and X-90
🔄Easy Returns — Return within 60 days for a full refund
🚚Fast Shipping — Most orders ship same business day before 1pm CST

Overview of Gates Molded Heater Hose 18424

The Gates Molded Heater Hose 18424 is designed to provide reliable heating system performance for a range of vehicles including Chevrolet, Honda, Toyota, and more. Constructed from durable EPDM material, this molded heater hose ensures consistent heat transfer and long-lasting service in automotive HVAC systems.

  • Constructed from high-quality EPDM for heat and chemical resistance
  • Molded design for precise fit and easy installation
  • Centerline length of 12.3 inches (312 mm) for accurate replacement
  • Inside diameter of 0.52 inches (13 mm) on both ends
  • Compatible with multiple makes and models including Honda Accord and Toyota Land Cruiser

Detailed Product Description

The Gates Molded Heater Hose 18424 is engineered to meet the specific requirements of automotive heating systems. Made from EPDM, a synthetic rubber known for its excellent resistance to heat, ozone, and automotive fluids, this hose maintains flexibility and durability under demanding conditions. The molded construction ensures a precise shape that matches original equipment specifications, reducing the risk of leaks and improving system efficiency. With a centerline length of 12.3 inches (312 mm) and an inside diameter of 0.52 inches (13 mm) on both ends, this hose is designed to fit seamlessly in the heating circuits of various vehicles.

Compatible Vehicles and Applications

This heater hose is compatible with a variety of makes and models, including Chevrolet, Geo, GMC, Honda, Lexus, Pontiac, Suzuki, and Toyota. Specific models supported include the Honda Accord, Toyota Land Cruiser, Lexus LX450 and LX470, Suzuki Sidekick, and Pontiac Sunrunner, among others. The part number 18424 ensures you are selecting the correct replacement hose for your vehicle’s HVAC system.

  • Replaces worn or cracked heater hoses causing coolant leaks
  • Restores proper heater core function and cabin heating
  • Prevents overheating due to coolant flow restrictions
  • Eliminates noise and vibration from damaged hoses
  • Maintains system pressure and fluid integrity

Installation Notes and Tips

When installing the Gates Molded Heater Hose 18424, ensure the engine is cool and the cooling system is depressurized. Verify the hose orientation matches the original part to maintain proper coolant flow. The molded design simplifies alignment, but double-check connections for secure fitment. Inspect clamps and replace if necessary to prevent leaks. Proper installation will help maintain HVAC system performance and vehicle comfort.

Quality Assurance and Warranty

Gates is a recognized manufacturer of automotive hoses and belts, known for meeting industry standards. The Molded Heater Hose line, including part number 18424, is manufactured to strict quality controls to ensure durability and performance. While specific warranty details are not provided here, Gates products typically come with a limited warranty against defects in materials and workmanship.

About the Molded Heater Hose Product Line

The Gates Molded Heater Hose product line features hoses that are pre-formed to match original equipment shapes, providing a precise fit and reducing installation time. This line is designed to withstand the thermal and chemical stresses found in automotive heating systems, making it suitable for a wide range of vehicle makes and models. The molded construction helps maintain system integrity and reduces the risk of leaks compared to generic hoses.

BrandGates
Part Number18424
PositionMolded Heater Hose, Heater To Pipe, Heater To Intake Manifold, Heater To Engine, Pipe-5 To Auxiliary Heater, Auxiliary Heater To Pipe-6, Auxiliary Heater Pipe-2 To Auxiliary Heater, Auxiliary Heater To Auxiliary Heater Pipe-3, Heater To Thermostat, and Auxiliary Heater Pipe-2 To Auxiliary Heater Pipe-3
MaterialEpdm
End 1 Inside Diameter.52
End 1 Inside Diameter13
End 2 Inside Diameter.52
End 2 Inside Diameter13
Centerline Length12.3
Centerline Length312
Branch Quantity0
9839Yes
98450
Centerline Length (in)12.3
Centerline Length (mm)312
MoldedYes
Number of Quick Connect Fittings0

This part fits 125 vehicles. Search below:

YearMakeModelDrive TypeTransmissionLitersCylindersFuel TypePositionNotes
2007LexusLX4704.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2007LexusLX4704.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2007ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2007ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2006LexusLX4704.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2006LexusLX4704.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2006ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2006ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2006ToyotaSienna3.3LV6GASAuxiliary Heater Pipe-2 To Auxiliary Heater Pipe-3Radiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
2005LexusLX4704.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2005LexusLX4704.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2005ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2005ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2005ToyotaSienna3.3LV6GASAuxiliary Heater Pipe-2 To Auxiliary Heater Pipe-3Radiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
2004LexusLX4704.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2004LexusLX4704.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2004ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2004ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2004ToyotaSienna3.3LV6GASAuxiliary Heater Pipe-2 To Auxiliary Heater Pipe-3Radiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
2003LexusLX4704.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2003LexusLX4704.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2003ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2003ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2002LexusLX4704.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2002LexusLX4704.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2002ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2002ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2001LexusLX4704.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2001LexusLX4704.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2001SuzukiEsteem1.6LL4GASHeater To ThermostatRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
2001ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2001ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2000ChevroletMetro1.0LL3GASHeater To Intake ManifoldRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
2000LexusLX4704.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2000LexusLX4704.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2000PontiacFirefly1.0LL3GASHeater To Intake ManifoldRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
2000SuzukiEsteem1.6LL4GASHeater To ThermostatRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
2000ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
2000ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
1999ChevroletMetro1.0LL3GASHeater To Intake ManifoldRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1999LexusLX4704.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
1999LexusLX4704.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
1999PontiacFirefly1.0LL3GASHeater To Intake ManifoldRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1999SuzukiEsteem1.6LL4GASHeater To ThermostatRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1999ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
1999ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
1998ChevroletMetro1.0LL3GASHeater To Intake ManifoldRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1998LexusLX4704.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
1998LexusLX4704.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
1998PontiacFirefly1.0LL3GASHeater To Intake ManifoldRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1998ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASPipe-5 To Auxiliary HeaterCut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
1998ToyotaLand Cruiser4.7LV8GASAuxiliary Heater To Pipe-6Cut-to-fit HVAC heater hose for vehicles equipped with auxiliary heaters.; Molded Heater Hose
1997GeoMetro1.0LL3GASHeater To Intake ManifoldRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1997LexusLX4504.5LL6GASAuxiliary Heater Pipe-2 To Auxiliary HeaterRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1997LexusLX4504.5LL6GASAuxiliary Heater To Auxiliary Heater Pipe-3Radiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1997PontiacFirefly1.0LL3GASHeater To Intake ManifoldRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1997ToyotaLand Cruiser4.5LL6GASAuxiliary Heater Pipe-2 To Auxiliary HeaterRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1996GeoMetro1.0LL3GASHeater To Intake ManifoldRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1996LexusLX4504.5LL6GASAuxiliary Heater Pipe-2 To Auxiliary HeaterRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1996LexusLX4504.5LL6GASAuxiliary Heater To Auxiliary Heater Pipe-3Radiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1996PontiacFirefly1.0LL3GASHeater To Intake ManifoldRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1996SuzukiSidekick1.6LL4GASHeater To PipeMolded Heater Hose
1996SuzukiX-901.6LL4GASHeater To PipeMolded Heater Hose
1996ToyotaLand Cruiser4.5LL6GASAuxiliary Heater Pipe-2 To Auxiliary HeaterRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1995GeoMetro1.0LL3GASHeater To Intake ManifoldRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1995GeoTrackerRWD1.6LL4GASHeater To PipeW/O Calif. Emission System; Molded Heater Hose
1995PontiacFirefly1.0LL3GASHeater To Intake ManifoldRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1995PontiacSunrunner1.6LL4GASHeater To PipeW/FWD; Molded Heater Hose
1995SuzukiSidekick1.6LL4GASHeater To EngineW/8-Valve Eng.; Molded Heater Hose
1995SuzukiSidekick1.6LL4GASHeater To PipeW/16-Valve Eng.; Molded Heater Hose
1995ToyotaLand Cruiser4.5LL6GASAuxiliary Heater Pipe-2 To Auxiliary HeaterRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1994GeoMetro1.0LL3GASHeater To Intake ManifoldRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1994GeoMetroManual1.0LL3GASHeater To PipeMolded Heater Hose
1994GeoTracker1.6LL4GASHeater To PipeW/O Calif. Emission System; Molded Heater Hose
1994PontiacFirefly1.0LL3GASHeater To Intake ManifoldRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1994PontiacFireflyManual1.0LL3GASHeater To PipeMolded Heater Hose
1994PontiacFirefly1.3LL4GASHeater To Intake ManifoldRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1994PontiacFireflyManual1.3LL4GASHeater To PipeMolded Heater Hose
1994PontiacSunrunner1.6LL4GASHeater To PipeMolded Heater Hose
1994SuzukiSidekick1.6LL4GASHeater To EngineW/8-Valve Eng.; Molded Heater Hose
1994SuzukiSidekick1.6LL4GASHeater To PipeW/16-Valve Eng.; Molded Heater Hose
1994ToyotaLand Cruiser4.5LL6GASAuxiliary Heater Pipe-2 To Auxiliary HeaterRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1993GeoMetroManual1.0LL3GASHeater To PipeMolded Heater Hose
1993GeoTracker1.6LL4GASHeater To PipeMolded Heater Hose
1993SuzukiSidekick1.6LL4GASHeater To EngineW/8-Valve Eng.; Molded Heater Hose
1993SuzukiSidekick1.6LL4GASHeater To PipeW/16-Valve Eng.; Molded Heater Hose
1993ToyotaLand Cruiser4.5LL6GASAuxiliary Heater Pipe-2 To Auxiliary HeaterRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1992ChevroletSprintManual1.0LL3GASHeater To PipeMolded Heater Hose
1992GeoMetroManual1.0LL3GASHeater To PipeMolded Heater Hose
1992GeoTracker1.6LL4GASHeater To PipeMolded Heater Hose
1992SuzukiSidekick1.6LL4GASHeater To PipeW/8-Valve Eng.; Molded Heater Hose
1992SuzukiSidekick1.6LL4GASHeater To PipeW/16-Valve Eng.; Molded Heater Hose
1992SuzukiSwiftManual1.0LL3GASHeater To PipeMolded Heater Hose
1992ToyotaLand Cruiser4.0LL6GASAuxiliary Heater Pipe-2 To Auxiliary HeaterRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1992ToyotaLand Cruiser4.0LL6GASAuxiliary Heater To Auxiliary Heater Pipe-3Radiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1991ChevroletSprintManual1.0LL3GASHeater To PipeMolded Heater Hose
1991ChevroletTracker1.6LL4GASHeater To EngineMolded Heater Hose
1991GeoMetroManual1.0LL3GASHeater To PipeMolded Heater Hose
1991GeoTracker1.6LL4GASHeater To EngineMolded Heater Hose
1991GMCTracker1.6LL4GASHeater To EngineMolded Heater Hose
1991PontiacFireflyManual1.0LL3GASHeater To PipeMolded Heater Hose
1991SuzukiSidekick1.6LL4GASHeater To EngineMolded Heater Hose
1991ToyotaLand Cruiser4.0LL6GASAuxiliary Heater Pipe-2 To Auxiliary HeaterRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1991ToyotaLand Cruiser4.0LL6GASAuxiliary Heater To Auxiliary Heater Pipe-3Radiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1990ChevroletSprintManual1.0LL3GASHeater To PipeMolded Heater Hose
1990ChevroletTracker1.6LL4GASHeater To EngineMolded Heater Hose
1990GeoMetroManual1.0LL3GASHeater To PipeMolded Heater Hose
1990GeoTracker1.6LL4GASHeater To EngineMolded Heater Hose
1990GMCTracker1.6LL4GASHeater To EngineMolded Heater Hose
1990PontiacFireflyManual1.0LL3GASHeater To PipeMolded Heater Hose
1990SuzukiSidekick1.6LL4GASHeater To EngineMolded Heater Hose
1990ToyotaLand Cruiser4.0LL6GASAuxiliary Heater Pipe-2 To Auxiliary HeaterRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1990ToyotaLand Cruiser4.0LL6GASAuxiliary Heater To Auxiliary Heater Pipe-3Radiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1989ChevroletSprintManual1.0LL3GASHeater To PipeRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1989ChevroletTracker1.6LL4GASHeater To EngineMolded Heater Hose
1989GeoMetroManual1.0LL3GASHeater To PipeRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1989GeoTracker1.6LL4GASHeater To EngineMolded Heater Hose
1989GMCTracker1.6LL4GASHeater To EngineMolded Heater Hose
1989PontiacFireflyManual1.0LL3GASHeater To PipeRadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1989SuzukiSidekick1.3LL4GASHeater To EngineMolded Heater Hose
1989SuzukiSidekick1.6LL4GASHeater To EngineMolded Heater Hose
1982ToyotaCressida2.8LL6GASN/ARadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1981HondaAccord1.8LL4GASHeater To EngineMolded Heater Hose
1981ToyotaCressida2.8LL6GASN/ARadiator and HVAC compatible coolant and heater hose.; Molded Heater Hose
1980HondaAccord1.8LL4GASHeater To EngineMolded Heater Hose

* Always verify fitment with your vehicle's VIN if unsure. Submodel & trim restrictions may apply.

This part directly replaces or is cross-referenced with the following part numbers:

1042416021M16267450201787260A001787260G011842430002865300115683001874439222671010632568720960120872096044087209604418724508130872456A0908731296058068D87312

Cross-reference numbers are provided for identification purposes only. Always confirm fitment before ordering.